北斗星君

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北斗星君

北斗星君,與南斗星君並稱,是道教中重要的星君,掌管北斗七星,分別是「貪狼星(天樞星)、破軍星 (瑤光星)、巨門星 (天璇星)、祿存星 (天璣星)、文曲星 (天權星)、武曲星 (開陽星)、廉貞星 (玉衡星)。」民間傳說北斗星君與南斗星君在每年除夕下凡,考察人間善惡。據說,北斗星君能夠決定人的死期,俗話說:「南斗註生,北斗註死。」《三國演義》中孔明病重,在幕府中設祭祈禳北斗,以求延命不死。

另說北斗星君是貪狼星、破軍星等七位星君的統稱。


傳說

干寶的《搜神記》就記載了一則,北斗星君與南斗星君增添凡人壽命的故事:管輅要一個註定要早夭的年輕人,趁北斗星君與南斗星君在下凡對弈時,用酒肉向之求助,最後得以延壽。

管輅至平原,見顏超貌主夭亡。顏父乃求輅延命。輅曰:「子歸,覓清酒鹿脯一斤,卯日,刈麥地南大桑樹下,有二人圍位,次但酌酒置脯,飲盡更斟,以盡為度。若問汝,汝但拜之,勿言。必合有人救汝。」

顏依言而往,果見二人圍碁,頻置脯,斟酒於前。其人貪戲,但飲酒食脯。不顧數巡,北邊坐者忽見顏在,叱曰:「何故在此?」顏惟拜之。南面坐者語曰:「適來飲他酒脯,寧無情乎?」北坐者曰:「文書已定。」南坐者曰:「借文書看之。」見超壽止可十九歲,乃取筆挑上語曰:「救汝至九十年活。」顏拜而回。

管語顏曰:「大助子,且喜得增壽。北邊坐人是北斗,南邊坐人是南斗。南斗註生,北斗註死。凡人受胎,皆從南斗過北斗;所有祈求,皆向北斗。」

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